Reported speech   is when we tell someone what another person said. To do this, we can use direct speech or indirect speech. direct speech :  'I work in a bank,' said Hari. indirect speech :  Hari said that he worked in a bank . In indirect speech, we often use a tense which is 'further back' in the past (e.g. worked) than the tense originally used (e.g. work). This is called ' backshift '. We also may need to change other words that were used, for example pronouns. Present simple, present continuous and present perfect When we backshift, present simple changes to past simple, present continuous changes to past continuous and present perfect changes to past perfect. 'I travel a lot in my job.' Jamila said that she travelled a lot in her job. 'The baby's sleeping!' He told me the baby was sleeping. 'I've hurt my leg.' She said she'd hurt her leg. Past simple and past continuous When we backshift, past simple usually changes to ...

 

  VERB VOICE Verbs in English have voice, which refers to the relationship between the subject of the sentence and the verb. In  grammar , the  voice  of a verb describes the relationship between the action (or state) that the verb expresses and the participants identified by its  arguments  (subject, object, etc.).  When the  subject  is the agent or doer of the action, the verb is in the  active voice .  When the subject is the patient, target or undergoes of the action, the verb is said to be in the  passive voice . Examples of Verb Voice: There are two verb voices in English: Active Voice -when the subject of the sentence the person or thing doing the action of the verb or in the state expressed by the verb. This is the voice with which we are most familiar-the subject performs the action of the sentence. Passive Voice -when the subject of the sentence is being acted upon. The subject of the sent...