Subodh Bhattarai (English & Communication Notes - BBA/BBS/BBBS/BHM/BIM//MBA/MBS & +2)

Find the words from the text which mean the following.  became fuller and softer by shaking - fluffed   sound mental health - sanity consisting of or easily breaking into small pieces - crumbly neither very hot nor very cold - temperate land that does not have enough water to support the growth of plants - arid region only slightly warm - lukewarm  Find the meanings of the following words in an English dictionary, write their word classes and use them in your own sentences.  hazy : | ˈ he ɪ zi| : covered by a haze/foggy - It was a beautiful day but quite hazy. frontier : | ˈ fr ʌ nt ɪ ə,fr ʌ n ˈ t ɪ ə| : a line or border separating two countries - International crime knows no frontiers. lush : |l ʌʃ | : produced or growing in extreme abundance - She glanced around the lush hills. flip-flops : |’flip ˌ flóp| : open shoes - She took off her flip-flops before crossing the river.   altitude : |’al‑ti ˌ tyood| : height above sea level - The aircraft is flying at an altit

Reported speech   is when we tell someone what another person said. To do this, we can use direct speech or indirect speech. direct speech :  'I work in a bank,' said Hari. indirect speech :  Hari said that he worked in a bank . In indirect speech, we often use a tense which is 'further back' in the past (e.g. worked) than the tense originally used (e.g. work). This is called ' backshift '. We also may need to change other words that were used, for example pronouns. Present simple, present continuous and present perfect When we backshift, present simple changes to past simple, present continuous changes to past continuous and present perfect changes to past perfect. 'I travel a lot in my job.' Jamila said that she travelled a lot in her job. 'The baby's sleeping!' He told me the baby was sleeping. 'I've hurt my leg.' She said she'd hurt her leg. Past simple and past continuous When we backshift, past simple usually changes to

Across   2. as is certain to happen Inevitably   4. famous and respected Eminent 6. a temporary stay Sojourn 7. knowing everything Omniscient Down   1. the state of being preoccupied Preoccupation 3. anxious or fearful that something bad will happen Apprehensive 5. a person of mixed white and black ancestry Mulatto Find the meanings of the following words in a dictionary as they are used in the text.  melancholy | ’me-lun,kó-lee | : a feeling of thoughtful sadness, typically with no obvious cause elusive | i’loo-siv | : difficult to describe motif | mow’teef | : a design or figure that consists of recurring shapes or colours disdain | dis’deyn | : lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike fabricate | ’fa-bri,keyt | : put together out of artificial or natural components or parts/construct/manufacture intoxicate | in’tók-si,keyt | : fill with high spirits/fill with optimism resentment | re’zent-munt | : a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will